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Alvin C. Graves
Alvin Cushman Graves (November 4, 1909 – July 19, 1965) was an American nuclear physicist who served at the Manhattan Project's Metallurgical Laboratory and the Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II. After the war, he became the head of J (Test) Division at Los Alamos, and was director or assistant director of numerous nuclear weapons tests during the 1940s and 1950s. Graves was badly injured in the 1946 laboratory criticality accident in Los Alamos that killed Louis Slotin, but recovered.
== Early life ==
Alvin Cushman Graves was born on November 4, 1909 in Washington, DC, the youngest of six children. He was the son of Herbert C. Graves, an engineer with the Coast and Geodetic Survey and member of the American Commission to Negotiate Peace after World War I. Graves attended Eastern High School, and graduated at the top of his class from the University of Virginia in 1931 with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. He attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for a year, but found that jobs were hard to come by during the Great Depression. He received a graduate fellowship to the University of Chicago, where he earned his Ph.D., writing his thesis on "Packing Fraction Differences Among Heavy Elements".
At Chicago, Graves met and married Elizabeth Riddle, a physics major there,〔 who was known as "Diz".〔 Elizabeth Riddle Graves earned her Ph.D., writing her thesis on "Energy Release from Beryllium-9 (Alpha, Alpha) Lithium-7 and the Production of Lithium-7".〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=PhD Tree )〕 Graves remained at the University of Chicago as a research fellow and an assistant professor until 1939, when he moved to the University of Texas.〔 Unfortunately, Elizabeth was unable to secure a job there as well due to its anti-nepotism rules.〔
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